Relationship Between Down Syndrome and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and the Role of FKBP5 gene: A review of Current Evidence

Israa A. Elsawi, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.Follow
Dina Salama Abd-Elmagid, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Doaa Shahin, Department of clinical Pathology and Haematology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Mohamed Rizk Khodair, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, Egypt
Sohier Yahia, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.

Subject Area

Neuropsychiatry

Article Type

Review Article

Abstract

The most prevalent chromosomal disorder is Down syndrome (DS). Neurodevelopmental disorders are highly associated with Down syndrome, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Down syndrome is also distinguished by intellectual disability and developmental delays, with many affected individuals presenting manifestations of ADHD like inattention or hyperactivity. Differentiating ADHD from overlapping DS-related cognitive deficits remains a diagnostic dilemma. The FKBP5 gene, particularly the rs7748266 polymorphism, has been implicated in modulating stress response pathways linked to ADHD susceptibility. This review summarizes the relationship between DS and ADHD and explores the emerging role of FKBP5 rs7748266 in this context. This may later on improve diagnosis and help in personalized management of ADHD patients.

Recommended Citation

Elsawi, Israa A.; Abd-Elmagid, Dina Salama; Shahin, Doaa; Khodair, Mohamed Rizk; and Yahia, Sohier (2025) "Relationship Between Down Syndrome and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and the Role of FKBP5 gene: A review of Current Evidence," Mansoura Medical Journal: Vol. 55 : Iss. 1 , Article 3.
Available at: https://doi.org/10.58775/2735-3990.1493