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Subject Area

Neurosurgery

Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Background: Postoperative seroma formation represents a significant complication following posterior lumbar spine decompression (PLSD) that can compress neural structures, cause radiculopathy, and serve as potential infection sources. This study evaluated the clinical characteristics and therapeutic approaches for seroma formation after posterior lumbar decompression procedures.

Methods: An observational study was conducted on 140 patients aged 18 years and older who underwent elective PLSD. Patients were systematically evaluated at predetermined intervals using clinical examination and diagnostic imaging when seroma was suspected. Management protocols were stratified according to seroma size, symptom severity, and clinical progression, ranging from conservative compression dressings to percutaneous aspiration and surgical drainage.

Results: The cohort comprised 140 adults with a mean age of 51.4 ± 7.9 years and mean body mass index (BMI) of 30.3 ± 3.9 kg/m². Seroma developed in 21 patients (15%), with recurrence occurring in 7 patients (5%). The median number of aspirations required was 1 (IQR: 1–3). Univariate logistic regression analysis identified both BMI (OR 0.882, 95% CI 0.78–0.99; P=0.037) and drain use (OR 2.821, 95% CI 1.088–7.318; P=0.033) as independent predictors of seroma formation, while smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and rhBMP-2 use showed no significant associations.

Conclusions: Seroma formation has been observed following posterior lumbar decompression, with elevated BMI identified as the principal risk factor. A stratified management approach incorporating conservative measures, percutaneous aspiration, and surgical intervention provides effective treatment outcomes.

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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